There are three types of subatomic particles in an atom:
- proton
- neutron
- electron

| Particle | Symbol | Location | Charge | Mass compared to proton |
| proton | p+ | nucleus | +1 | same |
| neutron | n or n0 | nucleus | 0 | very slightly more |
| electron | e– | outside the nucleus | -1 | much less; about 1/2000th |
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